Subject: Crop
Unit 1.1: Crop Production an
Introduction to Triticale
Table of Contents:
- Introduction………………………………………………………………………………1
- Production………………………………………………………………………………..2
- Usage………………………………………………………………………………………3
- Importance of Triticale….…….………………………………………………………….4
- Enhancement of Triticale Production…………………………………………………6
Introduction
Triticale, also known as Triticosecale, is a hybrid of wheat (Triticum) and rye (Secale), which was developed in Scotland and Germany’s research labs in the late 19th century. Triticale that is sold commercially is nearly always a second-generation hybrid, which means it was created by crossing two different primary (first-cross) triticales. Triticale often combines rye’s disease resistance and environmental toleration with wheat’s productivity potential and grain quality. It has just recently become a crop that is profitable on a commercial scale. Although some triticale-based meals can be found in some morning cereals and can be bought at health food stores, it is primarily farmed for forage or fodder. Triticale is a grain cereal which is smaller in size and it is developed to balance the strength and sturdiness of rye with the purity and uniformity of wheat
Production
Genetic transformation of crops requires the integration of ‘foreign’ genes or, very tiny DNA fragments. Transformation can be used, among other things, to transmit new features or qualities to the crop. Both infectious bacterial-mediated transfer (often mediated by Agrobacterium) and biolistic are frequently used, the former technique being most frequently used with allopolyploid cereals like triticale. In the 19th century, this was first attempted experimentally in Germany and Scotland. The product is now grown all over the world. Production of triticale has increased to almost 20 million MT annually, with half of that coming from China and the combined production of Germany and Poland.
Usage
Triticale is a versatile plant that can be grazed while it is still in the vegetative stage of development and then harvested for grain. Silage can be made from it as well. Triticale provides an alternative source of animal feed when it is harvested for grain, and it also has a developing potential in the market for human consumption. Recent triticale variants have distinct quality characteristics from previous kinds. Older cultivars often have 17% protein, but newer types typically contain 13% protein. The actual protein yield has increased as a result of the newer cultivars’ substantial improvements in grain yield.
Newer triticale types, according to research, have the potential to play a significant alternative source grain role globally. Triticale can replace wheat in poultry feeds because of its high-calories content and high protein content. Depending on what stage of development triticale is cut, silage quality will vary. As with most other crops, there is a negative correlation between production and quality since protein levels drop with postponed harvesting.
Importance of Triticale
There are numerous ways to incorporate triticale into farm and domestic animal diets. Grains are used to make concentrated animal feed because of their high total protein and carbohydrate content. It can take the place of oats, fodder barley, and other grains in the diet of domestic animals. Triticale grain contains antioxidant properties, improves bone health, lowers neural issues, boosts cell creation, has high iron content, and aids in weight management. Triticale is a food that is high in concentrated carbohydrates and energy. Triticale is one of the most significant nutrients and sources of energy in modern nutrition, second only to maize.
Enhancement of Triticale Production
Although research to enhance the crop for improved adaptability and grain quality is lagging behind those of other tiny grains, triticale has enormous promise for both grain and forage production. Triticale improvement can benefit from developments in molecular biology and the abundance of genomic materials from both wheat and rye. Triticale breeding will be made easier by gene mapping and genomic selection, which will improve selection accuracy and cut down on time and expense. Any breeding program’s success depends on the development, acquisition, and accurate phenotyping of different germplasm for the desired traits and circumstances. Triticale has a high potential for creating genetic diversity due to the variety of parental pairings, random chromosome reorganization during meiosis, and genomic alterations following allopolyploidization.
d management | Crop Cultivation
